Scotland, located to the north of England, covers a land area of about 77,910 square kilometers and has a population of around 5.5 million people. The capital city is Edinburgh, while the largest city is Glasgow. Known for its rugged highlands, scenic lochs, and historic castles, Scotland has a rich cultural heritage that includes traditional music, dance (such as the Highland Games), and iconic symbols like the bagpipes and kilts. Scotland is famous for its whisky production and its contributions to literature, philosophy, and science. It is part of the United Kingdom and has its own devolved government with powers over areas like education and health.